Fig 1: Single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) analysis in subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue samples from three dairy cows (n = 3). (A) UMAP plot of nuclei subpopulations in combined VAT and SAT samples from dairy cows. Cell populations were classified as mature adipocytes (AD), adipose steam and progenitor cells (ASPC), endothelial cells (EC), mesothelial cells (ME), pericytes and smooth muscle cells (PC/SMC), macrophages/monocytes (MAC), and natural killer and T-cells (NKT). (B) Heatmap of marker genes expression in cell subtypes identified by snRNA-seq. Color encodes the scaled average expression level across those cells (dark red: high expression; blue: downregulation). (C) UMAP plots of signature genes for ME (MSLN and WT1), AD (ADIPOQ and LEP), ASPC (PPARG and PDGFRA), EC (VWF), MAC (CD163 and MRC1), NKT (CD52 and CD3E), PC/SMC (NOTCH3). Purple dots represent individual nucleus expressing the respective marker. (D) Percentages of nuclei per cell type across SAT and VAT. (E) Integrated analysis of cell types identified by our database (CSB Lab-Bovine) compared with human scRNAseq data generated by Merrick et al. (2019) (Seale Lab - Human). (F) Integrated analysis of cell types identified by our database (CSB Lab-Bovine) compared with human scRNAseq data generated by Vijay et al. (2020) (Grundberg Lab – Human). Bar graph represents the comparison between the proportions of distinct cell types found in each study.